Navigating Frontend System Design Interviews with the CCDAO Framework
April 28, 2025

So, how do you effectively prepare for a frontend system design interview when you’re unsure where to begin? That’s exactly what this newsletter series is about. My goal is to help you structure your knowledge so you can develop a complete mental map of frontend architecture. This will not only enhance your ability to tackle new challenges but also help you communicate effectively during interviews.
Frameworks can act as roadmaps, ensuring you cover essential topics that interviewers care about—making it clearer that you and the interviewer speak the same technical language. Of course, interviewer styles vary, and there are factors beyond your control, but you can control how well you structure and deliver your thoughts.
Let’s dive into the CCDAO framework—five essential steps to guide you through a frontend system design interview. Memorizing this acronym will help you remain systematic and avoid missing important considerations.
Source: Navigating Frontend System Design Interviews with the CCDAO Framework
Junto Qiu outlines CCDAO, which stands for “Collect information, Component Structure, Data Modelling, API Design and Optimisation Considerations”, a simple framework that can help you to organise your thoughts during system design interviews.